Disminuyen enfermedades en loros con dieta de alpiste
El Hospital de Aves de Ornato, Compañía y Silvestres de la Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia (FMVZ) de la UNAM implementó con éxito una dieta para loros, guacamayas y cacatúas, complementada con semillas de alpiste; con ello ha contribuido a resolver y prevenir trastornos de salud como artritis, obesidad, ateroesclerosis y complicaciones hepáticas y renales.
Juan Carlos Morales Luna, responsable de la clínica, destacó que a partir de la aplicación de esta dieta en el hospital, que también se ha difundido en la medicina veterinaria y entre los propietarios, se han reportado beneficios para la salud de las aves.
“Se pensó en este alimento porque 90 por ciento de las aves que recibimos en el hospital tienen problemas nutricionales como obesidad, lipidosis hepática, ateroesclerosis, afecciones de riñón y presencia de depósitos de grasa subcutánea (lipoma)”.
Los loros son longevos, pueden llegar a vivir hasta 100 años, pero estas afecciones acortan su vida. Una costumbre común, pero equivocada de los propietarios de aves de compañía, es que les ofrecen una dieta basada principalmente en semillas de girasol, altas en grasas que se acumulan en su organismo, afectando las funciones metabólicas, alertó.
Por ello, en la clínica universitaria se les brinda una alimentación balanceada, en la que el alpiste tiene un lugar predominante por sus propiedades antiinflamatorias, que lo hacen un auxiliar en tratamientos de artritis y gota articular. También es un potente antioxidante que permite acelerar la regeneración celular y neutraliza la acción de radicales libres, y un diurético efectivo para eliminar líquidos retenidos.
“Sugerimos que el alpiste se administre en una proporción de 30 por ciento en la dieta. Se puede dar en dos formas: compuesto, es decir, mezclado con otras semillas (niger, mijo o linaza) o con avena, como parte de una dieta normal, y solo como coadyuvante en el tratamiento de aves con obesidad, gota articular o artritis”.
Morales Luna resaltó que se podría pensar que por ser una semilla pequeña, un loro no puede comer alpiste, pero “es un error, porque hasta las guacamayas lo ingieren perfectamente”.
Asimismo, indicó que no es recomendable darles alpiste con chochitos, pues son dulces y no contienen vitaminas.
La dieta diseñada en la UNAM tiene más de 10 años y “podemos asegurar que hemos tenido excelentes resultados. A la mayoría de las aves que llegan con obesidad se les brinda un tratamiento médico y la dieta adecuada; se recuperan con mayor rapidez, con resultados favorables para su salud y peso”.
También se debe incluir en su dieta frutas y verduras, en un 50 por ciento, y complementar con croquetas especiales para loro, en 10 por ciento, así como una pequeña cantidad de semillas de girasol.
“Con una alimentación de este tipo y una supervisión médica especializada pueden tener una buena expectativa de vida”, concluyó.
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